- Paper reading #3: Augmented perception of satiety: controlling food consumption by changing apparent size of food with augmented reality
- Takuji Narumi, Yuki Ban, Takashi Kajinami, Tomohiro Tanikawa, and Michitaka Hirose. 2012. Augmented perception of satiety: controlling food consumption by changing apparent size of food with augmented reality. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM annual conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 109-118. DOI=10.1145/2207676.2207693 http://doi.acm.org.lib-ezproxy.tamu.edu:2048/10.1145/2207676.2207693
- Takuji Narumi - The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Publication years: 2007-2012
- Publication count: 28
- Citation count: 9
- Yuki Ban - The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Publication years: 2011-2012
- Publication count: 2
- Citation count: 0
- Takashi Kajinami - The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Publication years: 2010-2012
- Publication count:9
- Citation count:4
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Summary:
This paper studied how augment reality, coupled with apparent food size, can be used to control the amount of food you consume by changing your perception of the amount of food eaten. A total of 12 participants (8 male and 4 female who were not informed of the purpose of the study) were given NABISCO's OREO cookies on 3 separate days, with each day having a different perceived size of the cookie. The subjects were told to have done similar things, each day, prior to the experiment to avoid errors. After they were satisfied with the amount they had "eaten" they were asked a series of questions where they rated the questions on an analog scale. The scale consisted of a 100mm line where an entry further to the right meant extremely satisfied. The results showed that a perceived larger cookie, made the subjects eat less of the cookie.
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| The result of scaling of food appearance |
- Laying the Table for HCI: Uncovering Ecologies of Domestic Food Consumption - This paper is related to the current one in that it studies the factors that influence the amount of food consumed by humans. It focuses on what can be augmented, in a dining setting, to control food consumption.
- MyMeal: an interactive user-tailored meal visualization tool for teenagers battling eating disorders - This was a cool paper showing how a visualization of a meal for young adults with eating disorders can help them cope. By allowing them to visualize a healthy sample size, it can help them feel more comfortable when selecting the amount of food in real life. It relates to the current paper because it uses human senses to help perceive objects better.
- Chewing Jockey: Augmented Food Texture by using sound based on the cross-modal effect - Discusses the use of sound to augment the way humans perceive food texture. Rather than changing the size of the food, this paper studies the effects of sounds while the user is eating and how it changes their perception of the food. This paper also studies how humans can use senses other than sight to perceive food.
- The Influence of Sound Effects on the Perceived Smoothness of Rendered Animations - Gaming has a demand for a much more realistic gaming experience. This paper shows how audio and visuals can be combined in a video game to make the animation of objects seem smoother to the user.
- Cross-modal affects of smell on the real-time rendering of grass - Smell was used in this paper to examine the effect it would have on human perception. A picture of a field of grass was used along with a smell of freshly cut grass to study its effects on the humans perception of an environment. This paper studies the effects of smell, along with a visual, to perceive things.
- The “Puzzle” of Sensory Perception: Putting Together Multisensory Information -The integration of all senses is studied in this paper and how the human brain perceives the information when combined. Shows that a number of combination of the senses can help humans perceive things much better.
- Food and interaction design: designing for food in everyday life - Talks about the identifying daily food practices and using computers to enhance human-food interaction. It explores food experiences, human health, and food cultures to make the interaction between humans and food a better experience.
- Distance perception in real and virtual environments - This work discusses how large screens can improve the human perception of distance in virtual environments, while smaller HUDs hinder a humans perception of distance in a virtual environment. It is related to the current paper because it studies human perception using computers.
- Evaluating the Accuracy of Size Perception in Real and Virtual Environments - This work discusses how size perception is affected in real and virtual environments.It is also related to the current paper because it studies human perception using both a virtual and real environment.
- Augmented reality flavors: gustatory display based on edible marker and cross-modal interaction - This paper is extremely similar to the current one, except it changes both vision and smell of the food to trick the user into thinking that they are eating something else. It examines how the human perception of food, through our senses, affects the way we feel about what we are eating.
The work I read was novel because it was one of the only augmented reality ideas related to the perception of hunger. Many works talked about perceiving an environment and some about perceiving food to enhance the experience, but this work was novel because it is the only paper that I know of that studies augmented reality and curbing hunger.
Evaluation:
The study was evaluated quantitatively, using both subjective and objective measures. It was subjective because it gave the test subjects the choice to pick how satisfied they were on a 100mm line, based on their opinions. The subjective measure was used to gather opinionated data on how each subject felt after the experiment. It was objective, too, because it calculated the scale factor of the size of the cookie versus the amount of cookie consumed and plotted it. This was done by measuring data physically. This measure was used to plot a ratio of size to amount, so that they could infer what would happen for other types of food. The study only measured part of the system because it only took into account vision augmentation.
Average cookie consumption volume and standard error of the mean in each experimental condition are as follows: shrunk condition (× 0.67): 91.9 ± 11.0 g; normal condition (× 1.0): 81.1 ± 8.0 g; enlarged condition (× 1.5): 75.0 ± 8.5 g.
The results indicate that subjects consumed significantly greater amounts of the cookie when they ate a perceived smaller cookie relative to a perceived larger cookie. There was also a trend where participants consumed more of the cookie when viewing the smaller one relative to when they ate the normal cookie (p = 0.097). There was no significant difference in consumption between the perceived larger cookie and the normal cookie (p = 0.293).
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| Ratings of hunger and satiety before and after the testing session in experimental condition. (Average ± standard error of the mean) |
Discussion:
I thought the idea of this paper was pretty cool. I never thought about how human perception can effect the way they consume food. There have been a lot of studies on the topic of human perception, but the idea of using human perception to control food consumption is new to me. I haven't seen any studies on it before. However, I think they should have used something bigger than a cookie, so that the difference in consumption and perceived size could have been more noticeable. I believe the evaluation was appropriate because it used, both, hard evidence and opinion based results. I just think that this is a really cool idea to help those that may have an eating disorder. This is probably the coolest paper I've read so far. It would be awesome to work on a project like this.
